Programming languages in website dev

HTML

HyperText Markup Language or HTML is the common markup language used in Web pages.
HTML uses tags which involve special characters  for its syntax, which are '<' & '>'. An element is added by starting with a start tag, typing the content and then ending it with an end tag which consists of a backslash within the brackets(W3SCHOOLS, N.D).

                                              (W3, 2013)


CSS

Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) describes the way the HTML elements are displayed onto the screen. For instance, page layouts, colours and fonts are all managed with CSS(Morris, n.d). This allows developers to separate code content and visual content, making it more flexible(Techopedia, 2018). 
Techopedia(2018) also points out that Cascading Style Sheets defines elements for the headings structurally and lets the website developers relocate the styling elements to a different HTML section, making the code cleaner and more readable.
Below is an example of a simple CSS  document which alters the h1 and p(Paragraph) elements and adjusts the fonts, font-size, colour, as well as the border for the h1 element.


(STARTINGELECTRONICS, n.d.)
    

JS

JavaScript is a programming language that is used to create dynamic website content and aids in applying features to those web pages(MDN, 2021). It can be used to do various activities in a browser, from webpage manipulation to interacting with the user and the webserver(Javascriptinfo, 2021).
According to Javascriptinfo(2021), the programs written in JavaScript are called as 'scripts', and scripts can be written directly into a page's HTML; loading the web page will automatically execute it. The example illustrated below shows the implementation of the JS code on the html page, which is shown by the tag at the very beginning '<!DOCTYPE html>'.



(Poopongpanit, 2019)

PYTHON

Python is a dynamic high-level programming language which is often known for its readability due to its easy to learn syntax(PYTHON, n.d). It was released in 1991 but was early developed by Guido van Rossum in 1989 (COMPUTERHOPE, 2020).
Marr(n.d) has drawn attention to the fact that python is continuously used to develop algorithms for working with massive amounts of data retrieved by businesses and organisations globally. 


(Authors' work)



RUBY

Ruby is a simple and dynamic open-source programming language which focuses on simplicity and being productive which is why it has an easy to read and write syntax(RUBY-LANG, n.d). Developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto, the first version of ruby was released in 1995 and gained popularity later for a framework called Ruby on Rails which aided in increasing its usage for web development(COMPUTERHOPE, 2019).
A basic 'Hello World' software in ruby can be written by typing 'puts' as well as surrounding the following literal via quotations. As mentioned by learn(n.d), the puts here is the short form for the word 'out*PUT S*tring'.



                                            (Authors' Work)



Reference(s):



W3SCHOOLS, (n.d). What Is HTML. [online] W3schools.com. Available at: <https://www.w3schools.com/whatis/whatis_html.asp> [Accessed 15 January 2021].


W3, (2013). [image] Available at: <https://www.w3.org/community/webed/wiki/images/3/39/Elements.png> [Accessed 15 January 2021].

Morris, S., (n.d). What Is CSS, How Does It Work And What Is It Used For? - Skillcrush. [online] Skillcrush. Available at: <https://skillcrush.com/blog/css/> [Accessed 15 January 2021].

TECHOPEDIA, (2018). What is a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)? - Definition from Techopedia. [online] Techopedia.com. Available at: <https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26268/cascading-style-sheet-css> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

STARTINGELECTRONICS, (n.d). [image] Available at: <https://startingelectronics.org/tutorials/arduino/ethernet-shield-web-server-tutorial/CSS-introduction/CSS-ex1.png> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

MDN, (2021). What Is Javascript? - Learn Web Development | MDN. [online] Developer.mozilla.org. Available at: <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/What_is_JavaScript> [Accessed 15 January 2021].

JAVASCRIPTINFO, (2021). An Introduction to JavaScript. [online] Javascript.info. Available at: <https://javascript.info/intro> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

Poopongpanit, B., (2019). [image] Available at: <https://miro.medium.com/max/1992/1*wrOH_LGzBu7xqXWieCuwNQ.png> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

PYTHON, (n.d). What Is Python? Executive Summary. [online] Python.org. Available at: <https://www.python.org/doc/essays/blurb/> [Accessed 15 January 2021].

COMPUTERHOPE, (2020) What is Python?. [online] Computerhope.com. Available at: <https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/python.htm> [Accessed 11 February 2021].


Marr, B., (n.d) Big Data: What Is Python – An Easy Explanation For Absolutely Anyone. [online] bernardmarr.com. Available at: <https://www.bernardmarr.com/default.asp?contentID=1078> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

RUBY-LANG, (n.d). Ruby Programming Language. [online] Ruby-lang.org. Available at: <https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/> [Accessed 15 January 2021].


COMPUTERHOPE, (2019). What Is Ruby?. [online] Computerhope.com. Available at: <https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/r/ruby.htm> [Accessed 15 January 2021].

LEARN, (n.d) Hello World Ruby - Learn.co. [online] Learn - A platform for education. Available at: <https://learn.co/lessons/hello-world-ruby> [Accessed 11 February 2021].

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